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Control Systems

Lec-01: Open Loop & Closed Loop

Description

A control system is a system, which provides the desired response by controlling the output.

It is useful in Designing of any system is to maintain proper stability that means system will take the bounded input & will give the bounded output.

Prerequisite

It’s better to have knowledge on Laplace transform, time response & frequency response of the systems.

For whom

• For Electrical and Electronics students to help them understand the basic to advance concepts related to the control systems

• Students those who are preparing them for their engineering syllabus.

Reference Books

1. “Control Systems Engineering” by I J Nagrath and M Gopal.

2. “Automatic Control Systems” by B C Kuo.

3. “Automatic Control Systems” by Farid Golnaraghi.

4. “Control Systems” by Kumar A Anand.

Q & A
Exam Questions

Q1 . Update Soon

Open loop system: less accurate, simple & easy to construct & generally easy to construct Closed loop system: accuracy is more, complicated & difficult, stability depends on system components.

The transfer function of a system is defined as the ratio of Laplace transform of output to the Laplace transform of input where all the initial conditions are zero.

Block diagram is system pictorial representation of function performed by the each component. Signal flow graph is graphical representation of relationship between variables.

How the response behaves in accordance with the time when specific input test signal is applied to a system.

Maximum degree of the “S” is known as order & no. of poles at the origin is known as type.

The factor which is useful for the damping out the oscillations of the system.

1) Time constant will be decreased. 2) Frequency of oscillations will be decreased. 3) Td, Tr, Tp will increased.

The error of output of the system when output reaches infinite time i. e. steady state Condition.

It is useful to find closed loop system stability, no. of closed loop poles in S-plane, natural frequency of oscillations & relative stability.

- ROZ gives no. of repeated poles those symmetric about origin. - if ROZ is repeated then system is unstable.

- It is useful to find closed loop stability by using OLTF. - It is applied to find K value for undamped, under damped, over damped, critically damped systems. - It is best method to find the relative stability.

At K = 0, closed loop poles = open loop poles. At K = Infinite, closed loop poles = open loop zeroes.

- These are the branches which approaches to infinite. - The no. of asymptotes is equal to difference between poles and zeroes. - The asymptotes gives the direction of zeroes when P > Z vice versa.

It is the intersection point of the asymptoted to the real axis, it may be located anywhere on the real axis may or may not be on the RL branch.

- It will give the frequency response of OLTF. - It is useful to find closed loop stability. - It gives the gain margin and phase margin values.

The corner frequency are finite poles and zero’s location in the form of magnitude.

1. Minimum phase system 2. non-minimum phase system 3. All pass system

- Find the magnitude & phase at w = 0 - Find the magnitude & phase at w = infinite

Nyquist plot is developed by using mathematical equation is known as “principle of Arguments”.

Nyquist plot = 2 × polar plot

It gives the future behavior of the system based on the present input & past history of the system.

1. Lag compensators 2. Lead compensator 3. Lag - lead compensator 4. Lead - lag compensator

1. Proportional controller 2. Integral controller 3. Derivative controller

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5 | 1 Reviews

Course Feature

Category Electrical
Course Duration 29hr 20min
Language English
Price 79.00
Validity 1 Year
Rating 5 | 1 Reviews
Q & A 23
Exam Questions 1
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Control Systems

Lec-01: Open Loop & Closed Loop

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Useful Links

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Electrical

1. Introduction

2. Block Diagrams & SFG

3. Time Response

4. Steady State Errors

5. RH Criteria

6. Root Locus

7. Bode Plot

8. Polar Plot & Nyquist Plot

9. State Space Analysis

10. Compensators and Controllers

Control Systems

Lec-01: Open Loop & Closed Loop

1. Introduction

2. Block Diagrams & SFG

3. Time Response

4. Steady State Errors

5. RH Criteria

6. Root Locus

7. Bode Plot

8. Polar Plot & Nyquist Plot

9. State Space Analysis

10. Compensators and Controllers

Q1 . Compare between open loop & closed loop control systems?

Q2 . Define transfer function?

Q3 . What is the difference between block diagram & signal flow graphs?

Q4 . What is the time response?

Q5 . Define type and order of system?

Q6 . What is the damping ratio?

Q7 . If damping ration is moving from 0 to 1. What is the change in the system?

Q8 . What is the steady state error?

Q9 . Give the purpose of RH-Criteria?

Q10 . What do you know about ROZ of RH-table?

Q11 . What are the applications of Root Locus?

Q12 . Give the relation between OLTF & CLTF poles and zeroes?

Q13 . Give the properties of asymptotes?

Q14 . Define Centroid?

Q15 . What is the purpose of Bode plot?

Q16 . What is the corner frequency?

Q17 . What are the classification systems depends on phase?

Q18 . What are the conditions for polar plot?

Q19 . Define “principle of arguments”?

Q20 . Give the relation between Nyquist plot & polar plot?

Q21 . Define “state space of analysis”?

Q22 . What are the different types of compensators?

Q23 . Give the 3 types of controllers?

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