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Computer Network(CN)

Lec-01: Introduction

Description

This tutorial should train you in the fundamentals of Computer networks (CN)

Prerequisite

Better have some basic computer concepts like what is keyboard, mouse, monitor, input, output, primary memory, and secondary memory, etc

Topics Covered

• Applications & Topology • Network Devices • OSI Model • Network Software

• TCP/IP Model • Transmission Media • Framing.

• Error Detection & Correction techniques. • Switching Techniques.

For whom

• For computer science students to help them understand the basic to advanced concepts related to Computer Networking

Reference books

1.“Data and Computer Communication” by William Stallings

2.“Data Communication and Networking” by Behrouz A Forouzan

3.“Computer Networks” by Andrew S Tanenbaum

4.“Internetworking with TCP/IP, Volume 1” by Douglas Comer

Q & A
Exam Questions

Q1 . What is the OSI Model? Describe the layers of the OSI model? Explain the functions and protocols and services of each layer?
Q2 . What is the TCP/IP Model? Explain the functions and protocols and services of each layer? Compare it with the OSI Model.
Q3 . Explain the different types of transmission media in computer networks?
Q4 . Explain about Sliding Window Protocols? ) Explain the Elementary Data Link Layer Protocols?
Q5 . Explain The IP Version 4 Protocol.
Q6 . Explain about the Standard Ethernet?
Q7 . Explain about the Data Link Layer Switching & Spanning Tree Bridges?
Q8 . Explain the ROUTING ALGORITHMS.
Q9 . Explain the Shortest Path Algorithm.
Q10 . Explain the following- i. LAN ii. MAN iii. WAN iv. ARPANET

In a computer network, to enable data to be transmitted from one computer to another, network devices send messages in the form of data packets. Then, the OSI reference model layer adds these packets together with the IP header. The data link layer encapsulates each data packet in a frame that contains the hardware addresses of the source computer and the target computer. If the target computer is on a remote network, the frame will be routed to the target computer through a gateway or router.

The terms Internet, Intranet, and Extranet are used to define how to access applications on the network. They use similar TCP/IP technology but have different access levels for each user inside and outside the network. • Internet: Applications are accessed by anyone from any location using the web. • Intranet: It allows limited access to users in the same organization. • Extranet: Allow or provide external user access to use the organization's network applications. The terminologies Internet, Intranet, and Extranet are used to define how the applications in the network can be accessed. They use similar TCP/IP technology but differ in terms of access levels for each user inside the network and outside the network.

VPN is a virtual private network, constructed as a private wide area network on the Internet. Internet-based VPNs are cheaper and can be connected anywhere in the world. VPN is used for secure transactions and can transmit confidential data between multiple offices. VPN keeps company information safe to prevent any potential intrusion.

Ipconfig stands for Internet Protocol Configuration. This command is used to view and configure network interfaces on Microsoft Windows. The command Ipconfig can be used to display summary information of all TCP/IP networks currently available on the network. It also helps to modify the DHCP protocol and DNS settings. The interface configuration is a command used on Linux, Mac, and UNIX operating systems. It is used to configure and control TCP/IP network interface parameters from CLI, namely the command line interface. It allows you to view the IP addresses of these network interfaces.

VPN stands for Virtual Private Network. With a VPN, remote users can safely connect to the organization's network. Companies, educational institutions, government agencies, etc. use this VPN.

Networks are divided into two categories according to their connection types. They are mentioned below: • Peer-to-peer network (P2P): When two or more computers are connected to share resources without using a central server, it is called a peer-to-peer network. A computer in this type of network acts as both a server and a client. It is usually used in small companies because they are not expensive. • Server-based network: In this type of network, the central server is located for storing client data, applications, etc. The server computer provides security and network management for the network.

• Baseband Transmission: A single signal consumes the whole bandwidth of the cable. • Broadband Transmission: Multiple signals of multiple frequencies are sent simultaneously.

The OSI model stands for Open Systems Interconnection. This is a reference model that describes how different applications communicate with each other over a computer network.

The different layers of the OSI model are given below: Physical Layer Converts data bit into an electrical impulse. Datalink Layer The data packet will be encoded and decoded into bits. Network Layer Transfer of datagrams from one to another. Transport Layer Responsible for Data transfer from one to another. Session Layer Manage and control signals between computers. Presentation Layer Transform data into the application layer format. Application Layer An end-user will interact with the Application layer.

• Hub: Hub will broadcast all data to every port. It has a common connection point for all devices. • Switch: Switch will create a dynamic connection and provide information to the requesting port. • Router: The router is the device that will be responsible for forwarding data packets.

TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol. It describes how to transfer and route data from end-to-end communication.

Application Layer, Transport Layer, Network or Internet Layer, Network interface layer.

TCP stands for Transfer control protocol. UDP stands for User Datagrams protocol. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol and UDP is a Connectionless protocol.

A firewall is the concept of a security system, which will help a computer protect it from unauthorized access or any network attacks.

DNS stands for Domain Name System. This is an Internet address mapping process using local names. We can also call it an Internet phone book.

The proxy server prevents unauthorized external users from accessing the network.

The Classes of IPV4 are of 5 types: Class A 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 Class B 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255 Class C 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255 Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 Class E 240.0.0.0 to 247.255.255.255

NIC stands for the network interface card. It is the adapter that will be installed on the computer, and because of the NIC, only the computer can interact with the network.

There are three types of data transmission modes in computer networks: Simplex, Half-Duplex, and Full-Duplex.

SLIP stands for Serial Line Interface Protocol. It is used to send IP datagrams over the network in a single line.

There are three key elements of the protocol: • Syntax: Describe the format of the data. • Semantics: Describes the meaning of each section. • Timings: Explain the timing that how fast the data can be sent.

A decoder is a program that converts encrypted data into the actual format.

The full form of IEEE is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, used to define and develop standards that will be used on the Internet.

The maximum segment length will be 412 meters.

SNMP stands for Simple Network Management Protocol. It is a network protocol used to collect organization and exchange information between network devices. SNMP is widely used in network management to configure network devices, such as switches, hubs, routers, printers, and servers. SNMP consists of the following components: • SNMP Manager • Managed device • SNMP Agent • Management Information Base (MIB)

The main characteristics of networking are as follows: • Topology: This deals with how the computers or nodes are arranged in the network. The computers are arranged physically or logically. • Protocols: Deals with the process of how computers communicate with one another. • Medium: This is nothing but the medium used by computers for communication.

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Course Feature

Category Computer Science
Course Duration 9 hrs
Language English
Price 49.00
Validity 1 Year
Rating 1 | 1 Reviews
Q & A 26
Exam Questions 10
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Computer Science

Computer Network(CN)

Lec-01: Introduction

Upasana shankhwar

Student

Sairam Adupa

Course Feature

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Data Communication

Distributed Systems

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Operating Systems(OS)

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Computer Science

1.Applications & Topology

2.Network Devices & Networks

3.OSI Model

4.Network Software

5.TCP/IP Model

6.Transmission Media

7.Framimg

8.Error Detection & Correction

9.Switching

Computer Network(CN)

Lec-01: Introduction

1.Applications & Topology

2.Network Devices & Networks

3.OSI Model

4.Network Software

5.TCP/IP Model

6.Transmission Media

7.Framimg

8.Error Detection & Correction

9.Switching

Q1 . What is Data Encapsulation?

Q2 . What is the difference between the Internet, Intranet, and Extranet?

Q3 . What is a VPN?

Q4 . What are the Ipconfig and Interface configuration?

Q5 . How a VPN is used in the corporate world?

Q6 . How are networks classified based on their connections?

Q7 . Explain the difference between baseband and broadband transmission?

Q8 . What is the OSI model?

Q9 . Explain the Different layers of the OSI model.

Q10 . Describe Hub, Switch, and Router?

Q11 . What do you mean by the TCP/IP Model?

Q12 . Explain the different layers of the TCP/IP Model.

Q13 . What do you mean by TCP and UDP?

Q14 . What do you mean by a Firewall?

Q15 . What do you mean by DNS?

Q16 . What do you mean by the Proxy server?

Q17 . What do you mean by Classes of Network?

Q18 . What do you mean by NIC?

Q19 . What are the types of modes available in the Network?

Q20 . What do you mean by SLIP protocol?

Q21 . What are the key elements of the protocol?

Q22 . What do you mean by Decoder?

Q23 . What is the role of IEEE in the world of a computer network?

Q24 . What is the maximum segment length of a 100Base-FX network?

Q25 . What is SNMP?

Q26 . Explain the characteristics of networking?

Upasana shankhwar

Student

Sairam Adupa

Course Feature

Share

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