Education4U

Micro Processor & Controller(MPMC)

Lec-01: Introduction

Description

• A microprocessor is a controlling unit of a micro-computer, fabricated on the smallest chip capable of implementing Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU) operations and communicating with the other devices connected to it.

• A microcontroller is a small and low-cost microcomputer, which is developed to implement the specific tasks of embedded systems like displaying microwave information, receiving remote signals, etc.

Microcontroller includes the processor, the memory (RAM, ROM, EPROM), Serial ports, and other peripherals (timers, counters), etc.

Prerequisite

• Vave prior knowledge of computer architecture in general, then it will be quite simple to grasp the concepts described here.

For whom

• For all those readers pursuing either Bachelor’s or Master’s degree

• To understand the fundamental concepts associated with Microprocessors and microcontrollers.

Reference books

1. “Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085” by R Gaonkar

2. “Microprocessors: Principles and Applications” by A Pal

3.“The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems: Using Assembly and C” by Muhammad Ali Mazidi

4. “Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals” by A K Ray and K M Bhurchandi

Q & A
Exam Questions

Q1 . Draw and explain the Functional Pin diagram of 8085.
Q2 . Explain various Bit Manipulation Instructions with examples in 8051.
Q3 . Interface ADC 0809 to 8085 using 8255 and write a program to convert analog to a digital value that is connected to channel 5.
Q4 . Draw and Explain the block diagram of mode 0 of timer I in 8051. Draw the format of TMOD SFR.
Q5 . Differentiate between Memory-mapped I/O and I/O mapped I/O.
Q6 . Explain how logical operations can be performed using embedded C statements with suitable examples.
Q7 . Explain various types of Conditional and Unconditional JUMP instructions in 8081. What is the difference between CALL and JUMP instruction execution?
Q8 . How to access code ROM space in 8051 using embedded C explain with an example.
Q9 . Draw and Explain Machine Cycle Diagram of Instruction STA 3000H.
Q10 . Draw and Explain the SCON register in detail and explain Mode 1 of serial communication.

A certain sequence of operations carried out by a processor when instructions are executed, is known as Instruction Cycle.

Crystal has high stability, a large quality factor, and a frequency that does not drift with aging that’s why it prefers most of the times clock source.

Data storage is the primary function of the latch. It is also used in output devices like LED, which can hold the data for display. The latch is noting but D-type flip-flop which used as a temporary storage device controlled by timing signals, that stores 0 or 1.

When there is no work to be done then the operating system will execute to HLT instructions, and the system enters its idle state. The buses are enters in tri-stated and the microprocessor enters into Halt-state.

LEA is Load Effective Address which is indirect instruction, which means TABLE-ADDR points to a memory location at where the address to load is found. It is used for initializing a register with an offset address. It is a shift-and-add instruction.

Trap interrupt which has the highest priority in the microprocessor. CPU detected that trap is an abnormal condition. This indicates that an unknown input and output device is accessed.

In a microprocessor, ADC is helping to convert an analog signal into a digital signal. It is an 8-bit chip which having eight-channel for conversion purpose. By using logical operations analog data has binary converted into digital data.

Sensing a key actuation, Debouncing the key and Generating key codes these are the task which is involved in the keyboard interface. If the keyboard is interfaced through ports then tasks are performed by software and if the keyboard is interfaced through 8279 then a task is performed by hardware.

To track the internal operations of the processor the system designer used a status signal. It is also used for memory expansion.

By using Bluetooth technology the collection of devices are connected in an ad-hoc fashion.

The speed of I/O devices does not match with the speed of the microprocessor because I/O devices are generally slow devices. That's why the interface is provided between the system bus and I/O devices.

Crystal is used as a clock source most times because it has high stability, a large Q (Quality Factor) & a frequency that doesn’t drift with aging.

Flag is a low order register and Accumulator is high order register in 8085 microprocessor.

Sector 0, track 0, head 0, cylinder 0 of the primary active partition at that location MBR located in the disk.

EU is nothing but an execution unit. It receives program instruction code and data from Bus Interface Unit after that executes that instructions then results stored in the register.

Set Interrupt Mask is SIM and Read Interrupt Mask RIM. To mask the hardware interrupts SIM is used and to check whether interrupts are masked or not RIM is used.

Code, Data, Stack, Extra Segment registers are the segment register in 8086.

A microcomputer is nothing but a computer designed by using the microprocessor as its CPU.

Data flow from the microprocessor to memory or I/O devices and also from memory or I/O devices to microprocessor that’s means data flows in both directions that’s why data bus is bi-directional.

The process of identifying a device interrupting a microprocessor is known as polling or device polling.

HLDA shows that whether HOLD signals are received or not and HLDA is the allowed signal for HOLD. HOLD and HLDA both are used as the control signal for DMA operation

For unsigned multiplication, MUL instruction is used. Multiplications of bytes or words are done by this instruction. For signed multiplication IMUL instruction is used.

In an integrated circuit there is a CPU with two cores or processors is known as a dual-core microprocessor. Every processor has its controller and cache. In dual-processor there are two separate modules and they are linked together into a single chip.

In the microprocessor set of instructions that are group into a single unit is known as a macro. It works with less than ten instruction sets.

Opcode: Operation codes in the microprocessor can done operations like addition, multiplication, etc. Operand: It contains the data memory location in the register. If the operation is 4+5 then 4 and 5 are operands.

No Reviews. Be the First Student to Review the course...

Review :

0 | 0 Reviews

Course Feature

Category Electrical
Course Duration 10.5
Language English
Price 69.00
Validity 1 Year
Q & A 25
Exam Questions 10

Wishlist

Add to Cart

Electrical

Micro Processor & Controller(MPMC)

Lec-01: Introduction

Course Feature

Share

Synchronous Machines

Induction Machines

DC Machines

Electrical Intrument and Measurements

Useful Links

Download

Electrical

1.Microprocess Vs Microcontroller

2.8086 microprocessor

3.8086: Physical address calculation

4.Addressing Modes & Directives

5.Min & Max Modes

6.8279

7.8254 & 8255

8.Stepper motor, ADC & DAC

9.8257:DMA controller

10.8051 Microcontroller

Micro Processor & Controller(MPMC)

Lec-01: Introduction

1.Microprocess Vs Microcontroller

2.8086 microprocessor

3.8086: Physical address calculation

4.Addressing Modes & Directives

5.Min & Max Modes

6.8279

7.8254 & 8255

8.Stepper motor, ADC & DAC

9.8257:DMA controller

10.8051 Microcontroller

Q1 . What is the instruction cycle?

Q2 . Why crystal is a preferred clock source?

Q3 . What is meant by LATCH?

Q4 . What happens when HLT instruction is executed in the processor?

Q5 . Explain about "LEA"?

Q6 . Which interrupt has the highest priority in the Microcontroller?

Q7 . What is ADC in a microprocessor?

Q8 . What are the tasks involved in the keyboard interface?

Q9 . Why status signals are provided in a microprocessor?

Q10 . What is Piconet?

Q11 . Why interfacing is needed for 1/0 devices?

Q12 . Why crystal is being preferred as a clock source?

Q13 . Name High order / Low order Register in 8085 microprocessor?

Q14 . Where’s MBR located on the disk?

Q15 . What does the EU do?

Q16 . What are SIM and RIM instructions?

Q17 . Name the various segment registers in 8086?

Q18 . What is a microcomputer?

Q19 . Why is data bus bi-directional?

Q20 . What is meant by polling?

Q21 . What is the use of HLDA?

Q22 . What is the difference between instructions MUL and IMUL?

Q23 . What is the dual-core microprocessor?

Q24 . What is macro in a microprocessor?

Q25 . What are opcode and operand in the microprocessor?

Course Feature

Share

Related Courses

Synchronous Machines

Induction Machines

DC Machines

Electrical Intrument and Measurements

Useful Links

Download