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Object Oriented Software Engineering(OOSE)

Lec-01: Introduction to OOSE

Description

This tutorial will be helping you to understand the fundamentals of object-oriented software engineering along with its related terminologies.

Prerequisite

Better to have a prior knowledge on Software engineering and fundamental concepts like flowcharts and algorithms. So that you can better understand the concepts of OOSE.

Topics Covered

• Object oriented analysis • Structural, Behavioral & SDLC

• UML diagrams & building blocks. • Models

For whom

• This tutorial has been designed for helping beginners.

Reference books

1.Object oriented software Engineering : A use case Driven Approach by Ivar Jacobson

2.Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software by Richard Helm, Erich Gamma Ralph Johnson, John Vlissides, and Grady Booch.

Q & A
Exam Questions

Q1 . What are the advantages of the PERT chart?
Q2 . Explain the task network.
Q3 . Explain the agile process and its advantages with the 1 agile process model.
Q4 . Explain object-oriented testing strategies.
Q5 . Explain The Types Of Diagrams In UML? Draw an activity diagram for the airline reservation system.
Q6 . Explain all phases of SDLC.
Q7 . Compare forward engineering, reverse engineering, and re-engineering.
Q8 . What is SCM? Explain in detail Software configuration Item identification.
Q9 . How to represent the interaction between the modeling elements?
Q10 . Why does the function arguments are called signatures?

Normally there are five views: 1. Use Case view: This view reveals the requirements of a system. 2. Design view: Captures the vocabulary. 3. Process view: Modelling the administration of the systems threads and processes 4. Implementation view: Inscribing the physical implementation of the system 5. A deployment view: Focuses on modeling the components needed for installing the system.

Following are the maintenance types: • Corrective: Removing users spotted errors. • Adaptive: Tackling the changes in the software and hardware environment where the software works. • Perfective maintenance: Executing changes in new or existing requirements of the user • Preventive maintenance: Taking relevant measures to avoid future problems

Following are the operators that we cannot overload: • Member Selection • Scope Resolution ( :: ) • Member selection from pointer to function (.*)

The binding is nothing but the association relationship of a name with the class. • Static binding: The association of the name with the class takes place at compilation time, and we also call it Early Binding. • Dynamic binding: The association of the name with the class takes place at execution time, and we also call it Late Binding.

The Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) is a regression model based on LOC. That is the number of Code lines. It is a model of procedural cost estimate for software projects. It is often useful for the process of reliably predicting the multiple parameters related to making a project. For example size, effort, cost, time, and quality.

The Life cycle is divided into multiple phases. Every phase is a period between two milestones. The milestones are as follows: • Inception • Elaboration • Construction • Transition

The phases depend upon the model we select to develop software. The general phases of SDLC are: • Requirement Gathering • System Analysis • Design • Coding • Testing • Implementation

An architecture is not only taking care of the behavioral and structural aspects of a software system but also considering the software usage, functionality, performance, reuse, economic, and technology constraints.

There are multiple estimation techniques available. Here are some widely used techniques: • Decomposition technique (Counting Function Points and Lines of Code) • The empirical technique (COCOMO and Putnam)

The Level 0 DFD is the highest abstraction level DFD. We can also call it a context-level DFD. It depicts the whole information system as a single diagram concealing all the underlying details.

The Black-box testing checks whether it produces the desired out when we give valid input values. It does not check the actual implementation of the program. The White-box testing not only checks for desired and valid output but also checks if the code implements correctly or not when we give provide valid input.

The Inline function is a technique. The instructs and compilers use this to place the entire body of the function wherever that function comes in the program source code.

SDLC is the Software Development Life Cycle. SDLC of the system consist of processes like Use case is driven, Architecture centric, Iterative, and Incremental. This Life cycle has multiple phases. The process workflows that evolve through this phase are Requirement gathering, Business Modeling, Analysis, and Design. Supporting Workflows are change management, configuration, and project management.

No, You cannot apply the Association and link equivalent. The relationship between the 2 objects represented with the help of a link. The Association represents the relationship between the 2 classes. • Link: student: Abhilash, course: MCA • Association: student. course

The relationship between the whole and apart is aggregation. We can add or subtract some properties on the slave (part) side. It does not affect the whole part. For example Car. It includes the wheels and some other parts. Even if the parts are not there we can call it a car. However, in the case of containment, the entire part is affected when the part within that affects. The human body is an appropriate example of this relationship. When the whole body dies the body-parts (heart etc.) die.

THIS pointer refers to the present object of a class. ‘this’ keyword acts as a pointer that differentiates between the current object with the global object. It refers to the present object.

Garbage Collection is an execution of automatic memory management. The Garbage collector frees up space reserved by objects that are no longer in existence.

The variable we use during the declaration of the function or subroutine is a parameter. We pass arguments to the function, and it should match with the defined parameter. There are two types of arguments as follows: • Call by Value: Passed value modifies only inside the function, and it returns the same value. • Call by Reference: Passed value modifies both inside and outside the functions and it returns the same or different value.

The generalization satisfies Structural, Interface, Behavior properties. Still, it is mathematically very strong because it is antisymmetric and transitive. • Antisymmetric: A Salesman is always a person, but not all persons are Salesmen. Mathematically all As’ are B, but all Bs’ are not A. • Transitive: A=>B, B=>c then A=>c. Where A is a Salesman, B is Employee, C is Person.

Static modeling specifies the structure of the objects existing in the problem domain. These define with the help of an object, the class, and USE CASE diagrams. Dynamic modeling points to representing the object interactions in runtime. We define it with help of activity, sequence, collaboration, and statechart diagrams.

• Model: It is a complete description of something (i.e. system). • Metamodel: It describes the syntax of the model, elements of the model, and semantics of the notation that allows their manipulation.

Persistent means an object's ability to transcend time or space. A persistent object saves (stores) its state in a permanent storage system without losing the object represented information. A non-persistent object is ephemeral or transient. The default objects are non-persistent.

The designer must go through the prepared SRS before getting into the design. The system analyst prepares the SRS. The main work of the design is Architectural Design and Detailed Design. We find the main modules in the problem domain in an Architectural Design. We find what should we do within each module in Detailed Design.

• Analysis: It is the process of discovering what we need to do before doing it. To achieve this, the developer goes through the existing systems and documents. It is an art of discovery. • Design: It is the process of adopting/selecting the one from the many, which best accomplishes the user's requirement. It is a compromising mechanism.

There are three types of constructors as follows: • Default Constructor – It does not have parameters. • Parametric Constructor – It has parameters. It creates a new instance of a class and also passes arguments concurrently. • Copy Constructor – It creates a copy of an existing object as a new object.

Manipulators are the functions we use in conjunction with the extraction (>>) and insertion (<<) operators on an object.

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Course Feature

Category Computer Science
Language English
Price 99.00
Validity 1 Year
Q & A 26
Exam Questions 10
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Computer Science

Object Oriented Software Engineering(OOSE)

Lec-01: Introduction to OOSE

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Computer Science

1.Basic Concepts

2. Object Oriented Analysis

3.Models

4.UML : Building Blocks

5.UML Diagrams

6.Structural, Behavioral & SDLC

Object Oriented Software Engineering(OOSE)

Lec-01: Introduction to OOSE

1.Basic Concepts

2. Object Oriented Analysis

3.Models

4.UML : Building Blocks

5.UML Diagrams

6.Structural, Behavioral & SDLC

Q1 . What are the different views we consider when building an object-oriented software system?

Q2 . What are various types of software maintenance?

Q3 . What are the operators that cannot be overloaded?

Q4 . What is static and dynamic binding?

Q5 . What is the COCOMO model?

Q6 . What are the phases of the life cycle?

Q7 . What are the various phases of SDLC?

Q8 . How to define architecture?

Q9 . What are software project estimation techniques available?

Q10 . What is level-0 DFD?

Q11 . What are the black box and white box testing?

Q12 . What is the inline function?

Q13 . Define SDLC in UML.

Q14 . Can we apply link and Association interchangeably?

Q15 . What is the difference between Aggregation and containment?

Q16 . What is ‘this’ pointer?

Q17 . What is Garbage Collection ( GC )?

Q18 . What are the different types of arguments?

Q19 . Why generalization is very strong?

Q20 . What do you mean by static and dynamic modeling?

Q21 . What are the models and Metamodels?

Q22 . Differentiate between Persistent & Non-persistent Objects.

Q23 . What are the steps involved in designing?

Q24 . What do you mean by analysis and design?

Q25 . What are the various types of constructors?

Q26 . What are manipulators?

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Adhoc & Sensor

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